Prophet Muhammad(ﷺ) was an exemplary model in every aspect. His morals served as a standard for individuals and communities and definitive proof of his prophethood. With the divine guidance revealed to him, he built a nation from nothing and established an unprecedented civilization based on morality.
Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'I was sent to perfect good character.' Alboukhari in aladab almoufrad
The rest of this article details some examples of Prophet Muhammad(ﷺ)’s values as reported by those who lived with him and observed every aspect of his personality.
The Prophet’s clemency and forgiveness
Clemency is defined as forgoing reparation for an offense suffered by oneself when one has the right and power to seek it.
The Prophet Muhammad(ﷺ) reached the pinnacle of forgiveness and clemency, extending his forgiveness to both enemies and friends. God taught him to be lenient even towards his worst adversaries.
And We have not created the heavens and earth and that between them except in truth. And indeed, the Hour is coming; so forgive with gracious forgiveness.
So for their breaking of the covenant We cursed them and made their hearts hard. They distort words from their [proper] usages and have forgotten a portion of that of which they were reminded. And you will still observe deceit among them, except a few of them. But pardon them and overlook [their misdeeds]. Indeed, Allah loves the doers of good.
عن عائشة -رضي الله عنها- مرفوعاً: ما خُيِّر رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بين أمرين قط إلا أخذ أيسرهما، ما لم يكن إثما، فإن كان إثما، كان أبعد الناس منه، وما انتقم رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- لنفسه في شيء قط، إلا أن تُنْتهَك حرمة الله، فينتقم لله -تعالى-.
صحيح. متفق عليه.
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: Whenever the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) was given the choice between two things, he would choose the easier of the two unless it was a sin. If it were a sin, he would be the farthest of people from it. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) never took revenge for himself, but when the prohibitions of Allah were violated, he would take revenge for the sake of Allah, the Almighty.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
Jabir b. Abdullah reported: We were along with Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) in an expedition that a person from amongst the emigrants struck at the back of a person from the Ansir. The Ansiri said: O Ansar! And the Muhijir said: O Emigrants! Thereupon Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said: What are these proclamations of the Days of Ignorance? They said: Allah’s Messenger, a person from the emigrants struck at the back of an Ansari, whereupon he said: It is something disgusting. ’Abdullah b. Ubayy heard it and said: They have indeed done it. By Allah, when we would return to Medina the respectable amongst them (the Ansar) would turn away the mean (the emigrants). Thereupon ’Umar said: Permit me so that I should strike the neck of this hypocrite. But he (the Holy Prophet) said: Leave him, the people may not say that Muhammad kills his companions.
Sahih Muslim 2584b
عن جابر -رضي الله عنه-: أنه غزا مع النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قِبَل نَجْد، فلما قَفل رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قفل معهم، فأدركتهم القَائِلَةُ في وَادٍ كثير العِضَاه، فنزل رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- وتفرق الناس يَسْتَظِلُّونَ بالشجر، ونَزل رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- تحت سَمُرَة فعلق بها سيفه وَنِمْنَا نومةً، فإذا رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يدْعونا وإذا عنده أعرابي، فقال: «إن هذا اخْتَرَطَ عليَّ سَيفِي وأنا نائم فاستيقظت وهو في يده صَلتًا، قال: من يَمْنَعُكَ مِنِّي؟ قلت: الله -ثلاثا-» ولم يُعاقِبْهُ وجلس، متفق عليه.
وفي رواية قال جابر: كنَّا مع رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بذَاتِ الرِّقَاعِ، فإذا أَتَيْنَا على شجرة ظَلِيلَةٍ تَرَكْنَاهَا لرسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فجاء رجُل من المشركين وسيف رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- معَلَّقٌ بالشجرة فَاخْتَرطَهُ، فقال: تَخَافُنِي؟ قال: «لا»، فقال: فمن يَمْنَعُكَ مِنِّي ؟ قال: «الله».
وفي رواية أبي بكر الإسماعيلي في «صحيحه»، قال: من يَمْنَعُكَ مِنِّي؟ قال: «الله»، قال: فسقط السيف مِن يَدهِ، فأخذ رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - السيف، فقال: « من يَمْنَعُكَ مِنِّي ؟»، فقال: كُنْ خَيرَ آخِذٍ، فقال: «تَشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وَأَنِّي رسول الله؟» قال: لا، ولكني أُعَاهِدُكَ أن لا أُقَاتِلَكَ، ولا أكُون مع قوم يُقَاتِلُونَكَ، فَخَلَّى سَبيلَهُ، فأتى أصحابه، فقال: جئتُكُمْ من عندِ خير الناسِ.
صحيح. متفق عليه.
Jābir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he proceeded in the Prophet’s company towards Najd to participate in a battle. When the Messenger (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) returned, he too returned with him. Midday came upon them while they were in a valley having many thorny trees. The Prophet and the people dismounted and dispersed to rest in the shade of the trees. The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) rested under a tree and hung his sword on it. We all took a nap and suddenly we heard the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) calling us. (We woke up) to see a Bedouin with him. The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'This Bedouin took out my sword while I was sleeping and when I woke up, I found the unsheathed sword in his hand and he challenged me saying: ’Who will save you from me?’ I said thrice: ’Allah.’' The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) did not punish him but sat down.
In another narration: The sword fell from the disbeliever’s hand, whereupon the Prophet took it and said: 'And who can protect you if I want to kill you?' The man replied: 'Return evil with good.' The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Would you bear witness that there is no god but Allah and I am the Messenger of Allah?' He replied in the negative, but pledged not to fight the Prophet again or join people who fight him. So, the Prophet released him, and he came back to his companions and said: 'I have just been with the most excellent among people.'
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
There has certainly come to you a Messenger from among yourselves. Grievous to him is what you suffer; [he is] concerned over you and to the believers is kind and merciful.
أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم حَدَّثَتْهُ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ لِلنَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم هَلْ أَتَى عَلَيْكَ يَوْمٌ كَانَ أَشَدَّ مِنْ يَوْمِ أُحُدٍ قَالَ ' لَقَدْ لَقِيتُ مِنْ قَوْمِكِ مَا لَقِيتُ، وَكَانَ أَشَدُّ مَا لَقِيتُ مِنْهُمْ يَوْمَ الْعَقَبَةِ، إِذْ عَرَضْتُ نَفْسِي عَلَى ابْنِ عَبْدِ يَالِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ كُلاَلٍ، فَلَمْ يُجِبْنِي إِلَى مَا أَرَدْتُ، فَانْطَلَقْتُ وَأَنَا مَهْمُومٌ عَلَى وَجْهِي، فَلَمْ أَسْتَفِقْ إِلاَّ وَأَنَا بِقَرْنِ الثَّعَالِبِ، فَرَفَعْتُ رَأْسِي، فَإِذَا أَنَا بِسَحَابَةٍ قَدْ أَظَلَّتْنِي، فَنَظَرْتُ فَإِذَا فِيهَا جِبْرِيلُ فَنَادَانِي فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ سَمِعَ قَوْلَ قَوْمِكَ لَكَ وَمَا رَدُّوا عَلَيْكَ، وَقَدْ بَعَثَ إِلَيْكَ مَلَكَ الْجِبَالِ لِتَأْمُرَهُ بِمَا شِئْتَ فِيهِمْ، فَنَادَانِي مَلَكُ الْجِبَالِ، فَسَلَّمَ عَلَىَّ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ، فَقَالَ ذَلِكَ فِيمَا شِئْتَ، إِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْ أُطْبِقَ عَلَيْهِمِ الأَخْشَبَيْنِ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَلْ أَرْجُو أَنْ يُخْرِجَ اللَّهُ مِنْ أَصْلاَبِهِمْ مَنْ يَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ وَحْدَهُ لاَ يُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا '. صحيح البخاري
Narrated `Aisha:
That she asked the Prophet (ﷺ) , ’Have you encountered a day harder than the day of the battle) of Uhud?' The Prophet (ﷺ) replied, 'Your tribes have troubled me a lot, and the worse trouble was the trouble on the day of ’Aqaba when I presented myself to Ibn `Abd-Yalail bin `Abd-Kulal and he did not respond to my demand. So I departed, overwhelmed with excessive sorrow, and proceeded on, and could not relax till I found myself at Qarnath-Tha-alib where I lifted my head towards the sky to see a cloud shading me unexpectedly. I looked up and saw Gabriel in it. He called me saying, ’Allah has heard your people’s saying to you, and what they have replied back to you, Allah has sent the Angel of the Mountains to you so that you may order him to do whatever you wish to these people.’ The Angel of the Mountains called and greeted me, and then said, 'O Muhammad! Order what you wish. If you like, I will let Al-Akh-Shabain (i.e. two mountains) fall on them.' The Prophet (ﷺ) said, 'No but I hope that Allah will let them beget children who will worship Allah Alone, and will worship None besides Him.' Sahih al-Bukhari 3231
عن ابن مسعود -رضي الله عنه- قال: كنا مع رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- في سفر، فانطلق لحاجته، فرأينا حُمَّرَةً معها فرخان، فأخذنا فرخيها، فجاءت الحُمَّرَةُ فجعلت تَعْرِشُ فجاء النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فقال: «من فجع هذه بولدها؟ ردوا ولدها إليها» ورأى قرية نمل قد حرقناها، فقال: «من حَرَّقَ هذه؟» قلنا: نحن قال: «إنه لا ينبغي أن يعذِّب بالنار إلا رب النار».
صحيح. رواه أبو داود.
Ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that we were on a journey with the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) when he went to relieve himself. We then saw a Hummarah (type of bird) with its two chicks. We took its chicks, and the bird came back and began to flap its wings. Upon seeing it, the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) came and said: 'Who has distressed it by taking its baby? Return its baby.' He then saw an ant colony that we had burned and he said: 'Who burned this?' We said: 'We did.' He said: 'No one should punish with fire except the Lord of fire.”
[Abu Dawood] Sahih/Authentic.
عن عائشة -رضي الله عنها- قالت: قَدِمَ نَاسٌ مِنَ الأَعْرَابِ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فقالوا: أَتُقَبِّلُونَ صِبْيَانَكُمْ؟ فقال: «نعم» قالوا: لَكِنَّا واللهِ ما نُقَبِّلُ! فقال رسولُ اللهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم-: «أَوَ أَمْلِكُ إن كانَ اللهُ نَزَعَ مِنْ قُلُوبِكُم الرَّحْمَةَ!».
صحيح. متفق عليه.
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: Some Bedouins visited the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) and they said: 'Do you kiss your children?' He said: ’Yes.’ They said: 'By Allah we do not kiss our children.' Thereupon the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Then what can I do if Allah has removed mercy from your hearts?'
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
His manners
He didn’t follow or stare at things with a heavy gaze. His most common glance was brief, and he looked at the ground longer than at the sky.
When he walked with his companions, he didn’t go ahead of them but greeted whoever he met first.
He spoke with the “pinnacle of language” (jawâmi’ al-kalim), expressing profound meanings in few words, ensuring ease of understanding, and demonstrating mastery of language.
His speech was distinct, avoiding unnecessary verbosity or excessive brevity. This is part of wisdom, as he said:
عن عبد الله بن مسعود، رضي الله عنه، قال: نام رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، على حصير، فقال وقد أثر في جنبه. قلنا: يا رسول الله لو اتخذنا لك وطاء! فقال: ' مالي وللدنيا؟ ما أنا في الدنيا إلا كراكب استظل تحت شجرة ثم راح وتركها”.
((رواه الترمذي وقال: حديث حسن صحيح)).
Abdullah bin Mas’ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) slept on a straw mat and got up with the marks left by it on his body. Ibn Mas’ud (May Allah be pleased with him) said, 'O Messenger of Allah! Would that you make us spread out a soft bedding for you.' He (ﷺ) replied, 'What have I to do with the world? I am like a rider who had sat under a tree for its shade, then went away and left it.'
[At- Tirmidhi, who classified it as Hadith Hasan Sahih].
عن أبي هريرة -رضي الله عنه- مرفوعاً: «من كان يؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر فليقل خيرًا أو ليصْمُت، ومن كان يؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر فليُكْرِم جارَه، ومن كان يؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر فليكرم ضَيْفَه».
صحيح. متفق عليه.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him say good words or remain silent. Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him be generous to his neighbor. Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, let him be hospitable to his guest.'
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
He expressed his thoughts clearly to ensure he was heard and understood. He avoided unnecessary talk and often embraced lengthy pauses.
He was often sad and always in deep thought. Easily approachable, he was neither haughty nor trivial. He appreciated every benefit, no matter how small, without criticism or flattery.
The lack of material advantage didn’t make him angry. However, when it came to truth and justice, his anger was indomitable, and he became intransigent to the point of victory. But when it came to himself, he never lost his temper or sought retaliation.
If he got angry, he turned away; if he rejoiced, he lowered his gaze. More often than not, his laughter was a smile revealing snow-white teeth.
When he spoke, greeted, or asked permission to enter, he repeated it three times to ensure he was heard and understood. The duty to pass on the religion prompted him to do so.
He would join in the ongoing discussions with his companions. He participated with them whether they were talking about worldly matters, the hereafter, food, or drink.
Sitting down, he drew up his knees and encircled them with his hands. If he sat down to eat, he would straighten his right leg and sit on his left.
عن أبي هريرة -رضي الله عنه- قال: ما عاب رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- طعاما قط، إن اشتهاه أكله، وإن كرهه تركه.
صحيح. متفق عليه.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) never found fault with any food. If he liked it, he would eat; and if he disliked it, he would leave it.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
His noble character
عن أبي هريرة -رضي الله عنه- مرفوعاً: «أكمل المؤمنين إيمانا أحسنهم خلقا، وخياركم خياركم لنسائهم».
حسن. رواه أبو داود والترمذي والدارمي وأحمد.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The most perfect believer in his faith is the one who has the most excellent manners, and the best of you are those who are best to their wives.”
[At-Tirmidhi] Hasan/Sound.
عن جابر بن عبدالله -رضي الله عنهما- مرفوعاً: «إن من أحبكم إلي وأقربكم مني مجلساً يوم القيامة أحاسنكم أخلاقاً، وإن أبغضكم إلي وأبعدكم مني يوم القيامة الثرثارون والمتشدقون والمتفيهقون» قالوا: يا رسول الله قد علمنا «الثرثارون والمتشدقون»، فما المتفيهقون؟ قال: «المتكبرون».
صحيح. رواه الترمذي.
Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Indeed, among the most beloved and nearest of you to me on the Day of Judgment are those of you who have the best moral conduct, and, indeed, the most hated of you to me and farthest from me on the Day of Judgment are the talkative, the pompous, and the Mutafayhiqūn.' They (the Companions) asked: 'O Messenger of Allah, we know the talkative and the pompous, but we do not know who the ’Mutafayhiqūn’ are.' He replied: “The arrogant.'
[At-Tirmidhi] Sahih/Authentic.
عن أبي ذر و معاذ بن جبل -رضي الله عنهما- عن النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قال: «اتق الله حيثما كنت، وأَتْبِع السيئةَ الحسنةَ تمحها، وخالقِ الناسَ بخلقٍ حسنٍ».
حسن. حديث أبي ذر: رواه الترمذي وأحمد والدارمي.
حديث معاذ -رضي الله عنه-: رواه الترمذي وأحمد.
Abu Dharr and Mu‘ādh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Fear Allah wherever you are, follow a bad deed with a good deed and it will erase it, and treat people with good morals.'
[At-Tirmidhi] Hasan/Sound.
عن عائشة -رضي الله عنها- مرفوعاً: «إن المؤمن ليدرك بحسن خلقه درجة الصائم القائم»
صحيح. رواه أبو داود وأحمد.
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Verily a believer attains by his good manners the rank of one who fasts and prays abundantly.'
[Abu Dawood] Sahih/Authentic.
Good character is better than possessing gold and silver. To achieve this, follow the example of the Prophet Muhammad(ﷺ) (peace and blessings be upon him).
Prophet Muhammad(ﷺ)’s (ﷺ) generosity
His generosity was legendary. He never refused to give what was asked of him if he had it. No one ever left his house empty-handed, and he always prioritized the needs of the needy over his own.
His generosity manifested in many ways. Sometimes he offered gifts, other times he borrowed something and repaid it generously. Sometimes, he bought items and paid the seller more than the asking price, and other times, he simply gave in charity. He accepted gifts offered to him but always gave more in return.
عن عبدالله بن عباس -رضي الله عنهما- قال: «كان رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- أَجْوَدَ الناسِ، وكان أَجْوَدَ ما يكونُ في رمضانَ حِينَ يَلْقاهُ جبريلُ، وكان يَلْقاهُ في كلِّ ليلة مِن رمضانَ فَيُدارِسُه القرآن، فَلَرسولُ الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- أجْوَدُ بالخير من الريح المُرسَلة».
صحيح. متفق عليه.
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) was the most generous of people, and he used to be more generous than ever in Ramadan, when Jibrīl would meet him. He used to meet him every night during Ramadan to revise the Qur’an with him. Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) was more generous than the fast wind.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
عن سهل بن سعد -رضي الله عنه-: أن امرأةَ جاءت إلى رسولِ اللهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بِبُرْدَةٍ مَنسُوجَةٍ، فقالت: نَسَجتُها بيديَّ لأَكْسُوَكَها، فأخذها النبيُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- محتاجاً إليها، فخرجَ إلينا وإنها إزارُهُ، فقال فلانٌ: اكسُنِيها ما أحسَنَها! فقال: 'نعم'، فجلسَ النبيُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- في المجلسِ، ثم رجع فطَوَاها، ثم أرسلَ بها إليه، فقال له القومُ: ما أحسَنتَ! لبسها النبيُّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- محتاجاً إليها، ثم سألته وعَلِمتَ أنه لا يَرُدَ سائلاً، فقال: إني واللهِ ما سألتُهُ لألبِسَها، إنما سألتُهُ لتكُونَ كَفَنِي. قال سهلٌ: فكانت كَفَنَهُ.
صحيح. رواه البخاري بنحوه، للفائدة: قد يكون النووي أخذه من كتاب الحميدي، انظر: الجمع بين الصحيح (1/556 رقم925).
Sahl ibn Sa‘d (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a woman came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) with a woven mantle and said: 'I have woven it with my hands for you to wear.' So the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) took it as he was in need of it. He came out to us wearing it as his lower garment. Someone said: 'How beautiful! Give it to me to wear!' He answered: 'Yes.' Then the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) sat there for some time. When he returned home, he folded it and sent it to the man. People said to him: 'You have not done well by asking him for it when you know that he never turns down anybody’s request and the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) wore it for he was in need of it.' He said: 'By Allah, I did not ask him for it in order to wear it; I only asked him for it so that it would be my shroud.' Sahl said: 'And it was his shroud.'
[Al-Bukhari with a similar wording] Sahih/Authentic.
عن جابر بن عبد الله -رضي الله عنهما- قال: ما سُئل رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم- شيئا قطُّ، فقال: لا.
وعن أنس -رضي الله عنه- قال: ما سئل رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- على الإسلام شيئا إلا أعطاه، ولقد جاءه رجل، فأعطاه غنما بين جبلين، فرجع إلى قومه، فقال: يا قوم، أسلموا فإن محمدا يعطي عطاء من لا يخشى الفقر، وإن كان الرجل ليسلم ما يريد إلا الدنيا، فما يلبث إلا يسيرا حتى يكون الإسلام أحب إليه من الدنيا وما عليها.
صحيح. حديث جابر متفق عليه ، وحديث أنس رواه مسلم.
Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) never said: 'No' to anyone who asked him for something.
Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Never was the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) asked for anything by someone who was about to accept Islam but that he gave it to them. A man came to him and asked for alms, so he gave him a number of sheep (so large that they filled the space) between two mountains. So the man returned to his people and told them: 'O my people, embrace Islam, for Muhammad gives lavishly like someone who does not fear any poverty.' Some people would embrace Islam only for worldly gains, but Islam soon became dearer to them than the whole world and all what is in it.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
عن جابر بن عبد الله -رضي الله عنهما- قال: ما سُئل رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم- شيئا قطُّ، فقال: لا.
وعن أنس -رضي الله عنه- قال: ما سئل رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- على الإسلام شيئا إلا أعطاه، ولقد جاءه رجل، فأعطاه غنما بين جبلين، فرجع إلى قومه، فقال: يا قوم، أسلموا فإن محمدا يعطي عطاء من لا يخشى الفقر، وإن كان الرجل ليسلم ما يريد إلا الدنيا، فما يلبث إلا يسيرا حتى يكون الإسلام أحب إليه من الدنيا وما عليها.
صحيح. حديث جابر متفق عليه ، وحديث أنس رواه مسلم.
Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) never said: 'No' to anyone who asked him for something.
Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Never was the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) asked for anything by someone who was about to accept Islam but that he gave it to them. A man came to him and asked for alms, so he gave him a number of sheep (so large that they filled the space) between two mountains. So the man returned to his people and told them: 'O my people, embrace Islam, for Muhammad gives lavishly like someone who does not fear any poverty.' Some people would embrace Islam only for worldly gains, but Islam soon became dearer to them than the whole world and all what is in it.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
عن عبدالله بن عباس -رضي الله عنهما- قال: «كان رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- أَجْوَدَ الناسِ، وكان أَجْوَدَ ما يكونُ في رمضانَ حِينَ يَلْقاهُ جبريلُ، وكان يَلْقاهُ في كلِّ ليلة مِن رمضانَ فَيُدارِسُه القرآن، فَلَرسولُ الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- أجْوَدُ بالخير من الريح المُرسَلة».
صحيح. متفق عليه.
‘Abdullāh ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) was the most generous of people, and he used to be more generous than ever in Ramadan, when Jibrīl would meet him. He used to meet him every night during Ramadan to revise the Qur’an with him. Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) was more generous than the fast wind.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
عن أبي هريرة -رضي الله عنه- عن رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قال: «لو كان لي مِثْلُ أحدٍ ذهبًا، لسرني أن لا تمر عليَّ ثلاث ليالٍ وعندي منه شيءٌ إلا شيء أرْصُدُهُ لِدَيْنٍ».
صحيح متفق عليه واللفظ للبخاري.
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'If I had gold equal to the mountain of Uhud, it would please me that I should have nothing left of it with me after the passage of three nights, except what I might retain to repay a debt.'
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim. This is the wording of Al-Bukhari] Sahih/Authentic.
عن عقبة بن الحارث -رضي الله عنه- قال: صليت وراء النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بالمدينة العصر، فسَلَّمَ ثم قام مُسرعًا، فتَخَطَّى رِقَابَ الناس إلى بعض حُجَرِ نِسائه، فَفَزِعَ الناسُ من سُرْعَتِهِ، فخرج عليهم، فرأى أنهم قد عجبوا من سُرْعَتِهِ، قال: «ذكرت شيئاً من تِبْرٍ عندنا فكرهت أن يَحْبِسَنِي، فأمرتُ بِقِسْمَتِهِ».
وفي رواية: «كنت خَلَّفْتُ في البيت تِبْرًا من الصدقة، فكرهت أن أُبَيِّتَهُ».
صحيح. رواه البخاري.
‘Uqbah ibn al-Hārith (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I offered the ‘Asr prayer behind the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) in Madīnah. When he finished the prayer with Taslīm, he got up hurriedly and went out by crossing the rows of people to one of his wives’ rooms. The people were astonished at his speed. The Prophet came back and saw the people surprised at his haste and said to them: 'I remembered a gold nugget in my house which I didn’t want to distract me, so I ordered it to be distributed (in charity).
In another version: 'I left a piece of gold in my house from the charity which I did not want to let it remain with us overnight.'
[Al-Bukhari] Sahih/Authentic.
The Prophet Muhammad(ﷺ)’s modesty
عن أبي سعيد الخدري -رضي الله عنه- قال: كان رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- أَشَدَّ حياءً من العَذْرَاءِ في خِدْرِهَا، فإذا رأى شيئا يَكْرَهُهُ عرفناه في وجهه.
صحيح. متفق عليه.
Abu Sa‘īd al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) was more bashful than a virgin in her boudoir. Whenever he saw anything he disliked, we could perceive it on his face.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْحَمِيدِ، - يَعْنِي الْحِمَّانِيَّ - حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ، عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، رضى الله عنها قَالَتْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا بَلَغَهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ الشَّىْءُ لَمْ يَقُلْ مَا بَالُ فُلاَنٍ يَقُولُ وَلَكِنْ يَقُولُ ' مَا بَالُ أَقْوَامٍ يَقُولُونَ كَذَا وَكَذَا ' .
سنن أبي داوود
Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu’minin:
When the Prophet (ﷺ) was informed of anything of a certain man, he would not say: What is the matter with so and so that he says? But he would say: What is the matter with the people that they say such and such?
Sunan Abi Dawud 4788
Grade: Sahih (Al-Albani)
عن أبي عبد الله الجَدَلِي قال: سألتُ عائشة -رضي الله عنها-، عن خُلُق رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فقالت: «لم يكن فاحِشًا ولا مُتَفَحِّشًا ولا صَخَّابًا في الأسواق، ولا يَجْزي بالسيئةِ السيئةَ، ولكن يَعْفو ويَصْفَح».
صحيح. رواه الترمذي وأحمد.
Abu ‘Abdullāh al-Jadali reported: I asked ‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) about the moral character of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) and she said: 'He was not unseemly or obscene in his speech, nor was he loud-voiced in the markets, nor did he return evil for evil, but he would forgive and pardon.'
[At-Tirmidhi] Sahih/Authentic.
His Courage
Noble quality, especially when it is also in the mind and heart, and its possessor is a person of faith and knowledge. The courage of the heart makes one not fear what is usually feared and resolutely face threats. Reason dares to persevere in one’s conviction without apprehending the consequences as long as the cause appears true and just.
The Prophet Muhammad(ﷺ) (صلى الله عليه و سلم) was the bravest of men. Never has one seen his equal. Thus, Allah the Most High charged him to fight the battle even alone:
So fight, [O Muhammad], in the cause of Allah; you are not held responsible except for yourself. And encourage the believers [to join you] that perhaps Allah will restrain the [military] might of those who disbelieve. And Allah is greater in might and stronger in [exemplary] punishment.
عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ الْبَرَاءَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا عُمَارَةَ، أَوَلَّيْتُمْ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ قَالَ الْبَرَاءُ وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ أَمَّا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لَمْ يُوَلِّ يَوْمَئِذٍ، كَانَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ آخِذًا بِعِنَانِ بَغْلَتِهِ، فَلَمَّا غَشِيَهُ الْمُشْرِكُونَ نَزَلَ، فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ أَنَا النَّبِيُّ لاَ كَذِبْ، أَنَا ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبْ قَالَ فَمَا رُئِيَ مِنَ النَّاسِ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَشَدُّ مِنْهُ.. رواه البخاري
Narrated Abu ’Is-haq:
A man asked Al-Bara 'O Abu ’`Umara! Did you flee on the day (of the battle) of Hunain?' Al-Bara replied while I was listening, 'As for Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) he did not flee on that day. Abu Sufyan bin Al- Harith was holding the reins of his mule and when the pagans attacked him, he dismounted and started saying, ’I am the Prophet, and there is no lie about it; I am the son of `Abdul Muttalib.’ On that day nobody was seen braver than the Prophet.
Sahih al-Bukhari 3042
عَنْ أَنَسٍ، قَالَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنْ أَجْرَإِ النَّاسِ وَأَجْوَدِ النَّاسِ وَأَشْجَعِ النَّاسِ . قَالَ وَقَدْ فَزِعَ أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ لَيْلَةً سَمِعُوا صَوْتًا قَالَ فَتَلَقَّاهُمُ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَى فَرَسٍ لأَبِي طَلْحَةَ عُرْىٍ وَهُوَ مُتَقَلِّدٌ سَيْفَهُ فَقَالَ ' لَمْ تُرَاعُوا لَمْ تُرَاعُوا ' . فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ' وَجَدْتُهُ بَحْرًا ' . يَعْنِي الْفَرَسَ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ
جامع الترمذي
Narrated Anas:
'The Prophet (ﷺ) was the nicest person among the people, the most generous of the people, and the bravest among the people.' He said: 'The inhabitants of Al-Madinah became freightened one night upon hearing a loud noise.' He said: 'So the Prophet (ﷺ) met them upon an unsaddled horse belonging to Abu Talhah, with a sword hanging around his neck. He said: ’I found him to be (quick) like the sea.’' - meaning the horse.
[Abu ’Eisa said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.
Attirmidi
Prophet Muhammad’s(ﷺ) patience
A quality by which one masters one’s soul to persevere in obeying Allah, to refrain from disobeying Him, and to accept His decrees without anger or discontent. These are the three areas in which patience must manifest itself. It is a noble quality that we must strive to acquire and to which we gradually become accustomed.
During his twenty-three-year mission, the Prophet Muhammad(ﷺ) (صلى الله عليه و سلم) showed great patience, never becoming alarmed or weary of conveying the message that reached the horizons Allah intended.
He also endured the ill-treatment of the Quraysh: they beat him, threw the fetal envelope of a camel on his back during prayer, and quarantined him for three years with the Banu Hashim in the valley of Abu Talib. They condemned him to death and sent men to execute him, but Allah protected him.
All this did not shake him, and he continued his mission, spreading the religion near and far. His patience during the Year of Sorrow, when his beloved wife Khadija and his devoted defender Abu Talib died, did not weaken him.
His patience was evident in battles such as Badr, Uhud, the Ditch, the capture of Mecca, Hunayn, Ta’if, and Tabuk. During these battles, the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و سلم) did not falter, lose morale, or relent, continuing for ten years without respite.
His patience in the face of the Jewish plot in Medina and their incitement of the Arabs into a coalition to end him and his mission was unwavering. He patiently endured hunger and left this world without having been satiated with barley bread twice in one day.
Despite such hardships, he did not falter, and his nobility and honor remained intact. Allah preserved the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و سلم), endowing him with patience, comforting, protecting, and strengthening him to fulfill his mission and making him an example for all humanity. May Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him.
His sociability
Sociability and benevolent relationships with one’s family are among the qualities that contribute to success. The behavior of Allah’s Prophet (صلى الله عليه و سلم) in this regard is exemplary.
عن أنس -رضي الله عنه-، قَالَ: مَا مَسِسْتُ دِيبَاجاً وَلاَ حَرِيراً ألْيَنَ مِنْ كَفِّ رسولِ اللهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم-، وَلاَ شَمَمْتُ رَائِحَةً قَطُّ أطْيَبَ مِنْ رَائِحَةِ رسولِ اللهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم-، وَلَقَدْ خدمتُ رسول اللهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- عَشْرَ سنين، فما قَالَ لي قَطُّ: أُفٍّ، وَلاَ قَالَ لِشَيءٍ فَعَلْتُهُ: لِمَ فَعَلْتَه؟، وَلاَ لشَيءٍ لَمْ أفعله: ألاَ فَعَلْتَ كَذا؟.
صحيح. متفق عليه.
تنبيه:
أخرجه البخاري ومسلم في حديثسن متفرقين في موضعين.
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I have never touched plain or woven silk softer than the palm of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) nor have I smelt a perfume more pleasant than the scent of the Messenger of Allah. Verily, I have served the Messenger of Allah for ten years, and not once did he say to me ’uff’, nor did he say about something I had done, “why did you do it?”, nor about something I hadn’t done, “why didn’t you do it?”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
عن أنس -رضي الله عنه- قَالَ: كَانَ رسولُ اللهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- أحسنَ النَّاس خُلُقاً.
صحيح. متفق عليه.
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) was the best of people in terms of morals.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
عن أنس -رضي الله عنه- قال: إنْ كانَتْ الأَمَةُ من إمَاءِ المدينةِ لتَأخُذُ بيدِ النبيِّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَتَنْطَلِقُ بِهِ حيثُ شَاءتْ.
صحيح. رواه البخاري .
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A slave girl of Madīnah would take hold of the hand of the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) and would take him wherever she wished.
[Al-Bukhari] Sahih/Authentic.
One who knew him described him thus: “He joked with his companions, mingled with them, conversed with them, played with children, and put them on his knee. He would answer the call of the free, the slave, and the poor, visit the sick in remote parts of Medina, and accept apologies.”
His fair joke
Did the Prophet (صلى الله عليه و سلم), due to his distinguished character, mission, and leadership responsibility, ever joke?
Yes, he joked, but only occasionally, as his duties did not leave much time for it. However, when he joked, he always spoke the truth. In doing so, he acted as a benefactor, bringing cheerfulness into the hearts of his companions and having fun with their children to distract and entertain them.
Narrated Anas ibn Malik:
A man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said: Messenger of Allah! give me a mount. The Prophet (ﷺ) said: We shall give you a she-camel’s child to ride on. He said: What shall I do with a she-camel’s child? The Prophet (ﷺ) replied: Do any others than she-camels give birth to camels? Sunan Abi Dawud
His humility
His Lord granted him the choice between being a king-prophet or a humble worshipper-prophet. He chose to be a simple servant. Allah the Most High rewarded him for this decision by making him the most illustrious of Adam’s sons, the first to rise from the earth (resurrect), and the first to intercede. His choice was a clear demonstration of his humility.
عن عمر بن الخطاب -رضي الله عنه- قال: سمعت النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يقول: «لا تُطْروني كما أَطْرت النصارى ابنَ مريم؛ إنما أنا عبده، فقولوا: عبد الله ورسوله».
صحيح. رواه البخاري.
‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: ’’Do not exaggerate in praising me as Christians praised the son of Mariyam, for I am only a slave. So, call me the slave of Allah and His Messenger.'
[Al-Bukhari] Sahih/Authentic.
What is known about him and reported by several of his companions is that he would ride on the donkey, take a rump behind him on his mount, visit the poor, sit with the destitute, respond to the slave’s invitation, sit among his companions, mingle with them, take a seat wherever he could find one. He would be invited to eat barley bread and rancid butter, and he would come.
And when Mecca was conquered for him, and he entered it with the armies of the Muslims, he bowed his head until he touched his mount out of humility to God Almighty. ( ABou Isaaq)
عن عمر بن الخطاب -رضي الله عنه- قال: سمعت النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يقول: «لا تُطْروني كما أَطْرت النصارى ابنَ مريم؛ إنما أنا عبده، فقولوا: عبد الله ورسوله».
صحيح. رواه البخاري.
‘Umar ibn al-Khattāb (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: ’’Do not exaggerate in praising me as Christians praised the son of Mariyam, for I am only a slave. So, call me the slave of Allah and His Messenger.'
[Al-Bukhari] Sahih/Authentic.
Some of his wives reported that he was at the service of his family when he was at home. He cleaned their clothes, milked the sheep, mended their clothes and sandals, took care of his own needs, maintained the house, tied the camel, fed it, ate with the servant and carried their merchandise (shopping) from the market.
عن عبدِ اللهِ بنِ بُسْرٍ -رضي الله عنه- قال: كان للنبيِّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- قَصْعَةٌ يقالُ لها: الغَرَّاءُ يحملها أَرْبَعَةُ رِجَالٍ؛ فلما أَضْحَوْا وسَجَدُوا الضُّحَى أُتِيَ بتلك القَصْعَةِ -يعني وَقَدْ ثُرِدَ فيها- فالتَفُّوا عليها، فلَمَّا كَثُرُوا جَثَا رسولُ اللهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فقال أعرابيٌّ: ما هذه الجِلْسَةُ؟ فقال رسولُ اللهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم-: «إِنَّ اللهَ جَعَلَنِي عَبْدًا كَرِيمًا، ولم يَجْعَلْنِي جَبَّارًا عَنِيدًا»، ثم قال رسولُ اللهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم-: «كُلُوا مِنْ حَوَالَيْهَا، ودَعُوا ذِرْوَتَهَا يُبَارَكْ فِيهَا».
صحيح. رواه أبو داود وابن ماجه.
‘Abdullāh ibn Busr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) had a large bowl called Al-Gharrā’, which needed four men to carry it. One day, when they finished their Duha prayer, that bowl was brought full of bread sopped in broth, and they sat down around it. When their number increased, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) knelt down (sat on his knees, resting on his feet). A Bedouin said: 'What sort of sitting is that!' Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'Verily, Allah has made me a noble slave, not an obstinate tyrant.' Then he said: 'Eat from the sides of the bowl and leave the center so that your food would be blessed.'
[Ibn Maajah] Sahih/Authentic.
Prophet Muhammad(ﷺ)’s asceticism
An imaginary representation of the house of the Prophet Muhammad(ﷺ) based on historical accounts, we note
Detachment from worldly covetousness guards against greed and makes a person content with the bare necessities.
Allah’s Messenger (صلى الله عليه و سلم) was the most detached from worldly goods among men. This was one of his noble characteristics.
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدَةُ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ كَانَتْ وِسَادَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم الَّتِي يَضْطَجِعُ عَلَيْهَا مِنْ أَدَمٍ حَشْوُهَا لِيفٌ .
رواه الترمذي و أحمد
Aishah narrated: 'The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) had a leather cushion stuffed with palm fibres which he would lean on.'
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2469
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam)
Abu Umamah narrated that the Prophet (s.a.w) said: 'My Lord presented to me, that He would make the valley of Makkah into gold for me, I said: ’No O Lord! But being filled for a day and hungry for a day'-or he said: 'three days' or something like that- 'So when I am hungry, I would beseech You and remember You, and when I am full I would be grateful to You and praise You.'
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2347
Grade: Da’if (Darussalam)
عن أبي هريرة، رضي الله عنه، قال: قال رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم : ' اللهم اجعل رزق آل محمد قوتاً' ((متفق عليه)).
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to supplicate: 'O Allah, make the provisions of family of Muhammad (ﷺ) bare subsistence.'
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
In the term “subsistence,” there is already the sense of that which provides without surplus or diminution. He also said: “A little that is enough is better than too much that worries…”.
عن عائشة -رضي الله عنها- قالت: تُوُفِّيَ رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- وما في بيتي من شيء يَأكُلُهُ ذُو كَبدٍ إلا شَطْرُ شَعير في رَفٍّ لي، فأكَلتُ منه حتى طال عليَّ، فَكِلْتُهُ فَفَنِيَ.
صحيح. متفق عليه.
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) died when my house was void of any edible thing except for a small quantity of barley I had on a shelf and from which I kept eating it for a long time. Then when I measured what was left of it, it soon finished.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
The great devotion of Prophet Muhammad(ﷺ)
عن الأغر بن يسار المزني -رضي الله عنه- قال: قال رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم-: «يا أيُّهَا النَّاسُ، تُوبُوا إلى اللهِ واسْتَغْفِرُوهُ، فَإنِّي أَتُوبُ في اليَّومِ مائةَ مَرَّةٍ».
صحيح. رواه مسلم.
Al-Agharr ibn Yasār al-Muzani (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: 'O people, seek repentance from Allah and seek His forgiveness. Verily, I seek repentance one hundred times a day.'
[Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
عن عائشة -رضي الله عنها- والمغيرة بن شعبة -رضي الله عنه-: أن النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- كان يقوم من الليل حتى تَتَفَطَّرَ قَدَمَاهُ فقلت له: لم تَصْنَعُ هذا يا رسول الله، وقد غفر اللهُ لك ما تقدم من ذنبك وما تأخر؟ قال: «أَفَلَا أحب أن أكونَ عبدا شَكُورًا».
صحيح. حديث عائشة -رضي الله عنها-: متفق عليه.
حديث المغيرة بن شعبة -رضي الله عنه-: متفق عليه.
‘Ā’ishah and Al-Mughīrah ibn Shu‘bah (may Allah be pleased with both of them) reported: The Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) used to stand in prayer at night until the skin of his feet would crack. I (‘Ā’ishah) asked him: 'O Messenger of Allah, why are you doing this while your past and future sins have been forgiven for you?' He said: 'Should I not like to be a grateful slave (of Allah)?'
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
عن حذيفة بن اليمان -رضي الله عنهما- قال: صليت مع النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- ذات ليلة فَافْتَتَحَ البقرة، فقلت: يركع عند المئة، ثم مضى، فقلت: يصلي بها في ركعة فمضى، فقلت: يركع بها، ثم افتتح النساء فقرأها، ثم افتتح آل عمران فقرأها، يقرأ مُتَرَسِّلًا: إذا مَر بآية فيها تَسبِيحٌ سَبَّحَ، وإذا مَر بسؤال سَأل، وإذا مَر بِتَعَوُّذٍ تَعَوَّذَ، ثم ركع، فجعل يقول: «سبحان ربي العظيم» فكان ركوعه نحوًا من قِيَامِهِ، ثم قال: «سمع الله لمن حمده، ربنا لك الحمد» ثم قام طويلًا قريبا مما ركع، ثم سجد، فقال: «سبحان ربي الأعلى» فكان سجوده قريبًا من قيامه.
صحيح. رواه مسلم.
Hudhayfah ibn al-Yamān (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I prayed with the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) once at night and he started reciting Sūrat al-Baqarah. I thought that he would bow in Rukū‘ at the end of one hundred verses, but he continued. I thought that he would probably recite it (this Sūrah only) in one Rak‘ah, but he continued. I thought he would perhaps bow in Rukū‘ on completing (this Sūrah). He then started reciting Sūrat An-Nisā’ and read it all, then he started reciting Sūrat Āl-‘Imrān and read it all. He recited slowly; when he came across a verse of Tasbīh (glorifying Allah), he would glorify Him, and when he came come across a verse of requesting Allah (something), he would request it from Him, and when he came across a verse of seeking refuge (with Allah), he would seek refuge (with Him). Then he bowed in Rukū‘ and said: 'Glory be to our Lord, the Most Great'. His bowing lasted about the same length of time as his standing. Upon rising from Rukū‘, he said: 'Allah listens to he who praises Him; praise be to You, Our Lord!' He then remained standing about the same length of time as he had spent in bowing. He then prostrated and said: 'Gory be to our Lord, the Most High', and his prostration lasted nearly the same length of time as his standing.
[Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
The justice of the Prophet
The Prophet (صلى الله عليه و سلم) was fair in his words, deeds, and decisions. He was inflexibly impartial, a trait that characterized him even before Islam.
For example, when the Quraysh entrusted him with arbitrating the placement of the Black Stone after a serious dispute among them, he demonstrated his fairness and wisdom.
عن عَائِشَةُ -رضي الله عنها- «أَنَّ قُرَيْشا أَهَمَّهُم شَأن المَخْزُومِيَّة التي سَرَقَتْ، فَقَالُوا: مَنْ يُكَلِّمُ فيها رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم-؟، فقالوا: وَمَنْ يَجْتَرِئُ عليه إلا أسامة بن زيد حِبُّ رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فَكَلَّمَهُ أسامة، فَقَالَ: أَتَشْفَعُ فِي حَدٍّ مِنْ حُدُودِ الله؟ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَاخْتَطَبَ، فقال: إنَّمَا أَهْلَكَ الذين مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ أنهم كانوا إذا سرق فيهم الشريف تركوه، وإذا سرق فيهم الضعيف أَقَامُوا عليه الحد، وَأَيْمُ الله: لَوْ أَنَّ فاطمة بنت محمد سَرَقَتْ لَقَطَعْتُ يَدَهَا».
وَفِي لَفْظٍ «كانت امرأة تَسْتَعِيرُ المَتَاعَ وَتَجْحَدُهُ، فَأَمَرَ النبي -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بِقَطْعِ يَدِهَا».
صحيح. متفق عليه.
‘Ā’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Quraysh were greatly concerned about the case of the Makhzūmi woman who had committed theft. They wondered who should intercede for her with the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him). Some said: 'Only Usāmah ibn Zayd, the Prophet’s beloved one, would dare do so.' As Usāmah spoke to the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) about this issue, he said to him: 'Do you intercede regarding one of the punishments prescribed by Allah?' Then, he got up and addressed the people, saying: 'The people before you were ruined because if a noble person among them committed theft, they would leave him unpunished, but if a weak person among them committed theft, they would inflict the legal punishment on him. By Allah! Were Fātimah, the daughter of Muhammad, to commit theft, I would cut off her hand.'
Another wording reads: 'She was a woman who used to borrow things from people and deny having taken them. So, the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that her hand should be cut off.”
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
This was a striking proof of his justice.
His magnanimity
It’s about self-control, to the point of not expressing anything unpleasant in words or deeds when one is angry.
عن أنس -رضي الله عنه- قَالَ: كُنْتُ أمشي مَعَ رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- وَعَلَيْهِ بُرْد نَجْرَانيٌّ غَلِيظُ الحَاشِيَةِ، فأدْرَكَهُ أعْرَابِي فَجَبذَهُ بِرِدَائِهِ جَبْذَة شَديدة، فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى صَفْحَةِ عَاتِقِ النَّبيِّ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- وَقَدْ أثَّرَتْ بِهَا حَاشِيَة الرِّدَاءِ مِنْ شِدَّةِ جَبْذَتِه، ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، مُر لِي مِنْ مَالِ اللهِ الَّذِي عِنْدَكَ. فَالتَفَتَ إِلَيْهِ، فَضَحِكَ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ لَهُ بِعَطَاءٍ.
صحيح. متفق عليه.
Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I was walking with the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) and he was wearing a Najrāni cloak with a thick hem. A Bedouin approached him and pulled him violently by his cloak. I looked at the neck of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon) [and saw that] it was chaffed by his hard tug. The Bedouin then said: 'O Muhammad, give me some of Allah’s wealth that you have with you.' The Prophet turned to him, laughed, and ordered that he be given something.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim] Sahih/Authentic.
While the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was sitting in the house of his companions, a man named Zayd ibn Sa’na, a Jewish scholar, entered the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), broke through the ranks of his companions until he came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), grabbed him by the gatherings of his robe, and pulled him violently.
He said to him harshly: “Pay your debts, O Muhammad(ﷺ),for you, the sons of AbdelMottalib, procrastinate in paying debts!”
The Prophet ( upon him) had borrowed some dirhams from this Jew, but it was not yet time to pay the debt, so ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) got up, shook his sword, and said: “Permit me to strike his neck, O Messenger of Allah,” and the Prophet (peace be upon him) said to ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), “Order him to ask well, and order me to perform well,” and the Jew said: I have come to test your morals, for I know that the time for religion has not yet come, but I have read all your descriptions in the Torah and I have seen them all fulfilled in you except for one quality that I have not tried with you, which is that you are wise when angry, and that the intensity of ignorance only makes you more wise, and I have seen it today in you, so I testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad(ﷺ) is the Messenger of Allah, and as for the debt you have, I have made it a charity for the poor Muslims, and this Jew’s Islam has improved and he was martyred in the Battle of Tabuk. ( reported by Ibn Hibban)
